May 28, 2025

Are EMFs Harmful or Healing? Understanding Natural, Manmade & Therapeutic EMFs

EMFs Friend or Foe? EMFs are a hot topic of discussion these days, especially on social media. Many people are (rightfully) concerned about excessive EMF exposure, but most are confused about exactly what EMFs are, the differences between man-made and natural (sometimes called native) EMFs, how they affect our biology, and how EMFs (good and bad) are produced by the myriad devices we use each day. In this article, we will dig into all of this and more, with the goal of educating and empowering consumers to make safe, healthy choices about EMF exposure. What are EMFs? EMFs are produced by the movement of electrically charged particles and consist of two inseparable components: electric and magnetic fields. When these fields oscillate, they travel through space as electromagnetic radiation. While some EMFs remain close to their source (like static electric or magnetic fields), others radiate outward and can interact with biological systems. Understanding how they behave - and how the body responds - is key to using them wisely.     EMFs vary in characteristics, including: Frequency – how often the field oscillates per second (measured in Hz). Wavelength – the distance between wave peaks. Intensity – the strength of the electric or magnetic component. Waveform – the shape of the wave (sine, square, etc.). Coherence – how synchronized or orderly the waveforms are. Pulsing – whether the field is continuous or switches on and off rhythmically. Biological impact depends not only on these factors, but also on how close the field is to the body and whether exposure is short-term or continuous. These details matter more than whether an EMF is “natural” or “manmade.”   Natural vs. Manmade EMFs Natural EMFs are those the body evolved with over millennia. Sunlight, for instance, provides visible light as well as invisible ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) rays. The Earth itself generates a powerful, steady magnetic field and a weak but essential electric field. Natural resonances like the Schumann frequencies pulse in extremely low frequencies (ELF), helping regulate brainwaves and circadian rhythms. These EMFs tend to be low in intensity, rhythmically patterned, and biologically coherent. They fluctuate in ways the body recognizes, often in harmony with other cycles, such as sunrise and sunset, weather systems, and seasons. They support functions like sleep, hormone balance, mitochondrial activity, and mood.   Manmade EMFs have become a dominant presence in our environment over the last century. These include: Power lines and household wiring – Power lines emit ELF electromagnetic fields that oscillate in sync with the electrical grid. Power line fields are continuous and pervasive, especially in urban and suburban areas, while devices like power cords, and chargers emit ELF fields if they are powered. TV and radio broadcasts - Traditional broadcast systems use a wide range of radio frequencies to transmit audio and video signals. Though distant from the body and less intense individually, they contribute to the overall EMF environment. Cell Towers, Smartphones, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth - Cell towers and phones emit pulsed, modulated microwave signals for voice and data. Bluetooth is considered a low-power technology, but because devices like earbuds and wearables are in constant skin contact, biological exposure may be more significant than power levels suggest. Wi-Fi routers emit pulsed high frequency radiation to transmit date wirelessly throughout home and buildings. These EMF sources expose users to high frequency radiation almost continuously. Smart Meters - Smart meters emit sharp bursts of high frequency radiation, often hundreds of times a day, to transmit utility data wirelessly. Their signals fall in the sam range as Wi-Fi but are uniquely problematic due to proximity to living spaces and frequent pulsing. Appliances and electronics - Appliances and electronics often produce stray electric and magnetic fields, especially when plugged in. These EMFs differ not just in source, but in structure. They are often pulsed, modulated to carry date, emitted 24/7, and delivered at much higher intensities or in close contact with the body (such as ear buds or cell phones). They are biologically novel, meaning the body hasn’t had evolutionary time to adapt to them. EMFs emitted by these sources contribute to what is often called “electrosmog”, which can be described as an invisible haze of artificial electromagnetic radiation that now fills our homes, workplaces, and public spaces. As more wireless and electronic technologies are layered into daily life, the electrosmog EMF load continues to grow, creating a baseline level of exposure that is unprecedented in human history. To put this into context, it is estimated that exposure to EMFs around the 1Gz frequency band has increased by more than a quintillion times in just over a century. Therapeutic manmade EMFs, on the other hand, are intentionally designed to support health and healing. The two most used therapies are: Photobiomodulation Photobiomodulation is the use of specific wavelengths of non-ionizing light to influence biological function, particularly at the cellular level. The use of red and near-infrared light is commonly referred to as Red Light Therapy and is typically delivered through panels or flexible wraps. Research suggests that the most effective light intensities fall within a range that is comparable to safe levels of natural sunlight. By mimicking the wavelengths and gentle intensity of natural sunlight, these devices help recreate the EMFs of natural light in a targeted, therapeutic way. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Therapy uses pulsing magnetic fields to stimulate biological processes in the body. While the Earth’s magnetic field is static and steady, PEMF therapy introduces rhythmic pulses to mimic natural patterns (such as biological electric rhythms), making the field dynamic and biologically engaging. By pulsing at frequencies that align with Earth-based rhythms, such as the Schumann Resonance (~7.83 Hz), PEMF therapy delivers magnetic fields designed to support cellular repair, circulation, and nervous system balance.   Not All EMFs Are Harmful It’s easy to label all EMFs as dangerous, especially in a culture increasingly aware of electrosmog. But not all EMFs are harmful, and some are profoundly beneficial.  Here’s what research has shown across the spectrum for the different types of EMFs present in our environment: Natural EMFs: Sunlight and Circadian Rhythms -Sunlight acts as the body’s primary circadian pacemaker, helping synchronize the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, and metabolic processes through direct input to the brain’s suprachiasmatic nucleus. UVB and Vitamin D Production - Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation stimulates the production of vitamin D in the skin, which supports immune function, bone metabolism, and has been linked to improved mood and reduced risk of depression. Sunlight and Serotonin - Sunlight exposure may boost mood through mechanisms beyond vitamin D—specifically by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, a neurotransmitter associated with calmness, focus, and emotional stability. Schumann Resonances and Brain Activity -Schumann resonances—natural electromagnetic standing waves centered around 7.83 Hz—closely align with alpha brainwave activity and may play a role in regulating mental states, emotional balance, and sleep cycles. Earth’s Magnetic Field and Biological Regulation - The Earth’s static magnetic field, though constant and low in intensity, has been linked to biological processes such as orientation, circadian timing, and melatonin regulation. Some studies suggest it acts as a stabilizing background influence on the nervous system. Ionizing Radiation from Natural Sources - Not all natural EMFs are inherently beneficial. Overexposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun can cause DNA damage, accelerate skin aging, and increase the risk of skin cancer. Other forms of natural ionizing radiation (like cosmic gamma rays and solar X-rays) can also damage cells and contribute to background radiation exposure.   Therapeutic Manmade EMFs: Photobiomodulation – Photobiomodulation (especially red/near infrared light therapy) has been shown to reduce pain and inflammation, support healthy circulation, and speed up healing in both skin and deeper tissues. It works by improving energy production inside cells and modulating oxidative stress, making it useful for everything from muscle recovery to wound care. Studies also suggest benefits for mood, brain function, athletic performance, and skin rejuvenation. PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy) - PEMF therapy has been shown to reduce inflammation, increase blood flow, promote tissue regeneration, and even support healing of bone and tendon. It has been found to be helpful in supporting athletic performance, speeding recovery from exercise, and preventing injuries.   Non-Therapeutic Manmade EMFs: Oxidative Stress - Exposure to non-ionizing EMFs, such as those from Wi-Fi and mobile devices, has been associated with increased oxidative stress. This oxidative stress can lead to cellular damage and has been implicated in various health concerns. Disruption of Calcium Signaling - EMFs can activate voltage-gated calcium channels, leading to elevated intracellular calcium levels. This disruption in calcium signaling can affect numerous cellular processes and has been linked to potential health risks. DNA Damage - Research indicates that exposure to non-ionizing EMFs can cause genetic damage, such as DNA strand breaks and chromatin conformation changes. Such genetic alterations may increase the risk of mutations and have been observed in various cell types. Circadian Rhythm Disruption – Although research has been mixed, EMF exposure may affect melatonin production and disrupt circadian rhythms. This interference with the body's natural sleep-wake cycle can have broader implications for overall health. Reduced Fertility - Studies have found that non-ionizing EMFs can negatively impact female reproductive health (including effects on oocytes, ovarian follicles, hormonal balance) and sperm count. These changes may lead to decreased fertility and other reproductive issues.   ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Many natural EMFs, like sunlight, are essential for human health. Therapeutic EMFs harness these beneficial frequencies and structure them in a way the body can use. On the other hand, non-therapeutic manmade EMFs - those not designed with biology in mind - have been linked to biological harm. _____________________________________________________________________________________ Manmade EMFs Done Right Not all EMF-based therapies are created equal. While devices used for Red Light Therapy and PEMF devices can offer profound health benefits, they can also unintentionally introduce harmful EMFs into the body—especially when the devices are poorly designed. High levels of magnetic field emissions, flicker, stray current, and wireless communication features like Bluetooth can all contribute to a hidden "EMF load" that undermines the very benefits these therapies are meant to deliver.   Therapy that heals, not harms At fringe, we believe that therapeutic EMF devices should support the body, not stress it. That’s why our Red Light Therapy products are engineered with EMF-conscious design principles that prioritize user safety. By minimizing unnecessary electromagnetic exposure and mimicking natural EMF patterns in both wavelength and delivery, our devices provide powerful therapeutic benefits without adding to the invisible burden of electrosmog.       Here's how we do it No Bluetooth or wireless connectivity – this eliminates constant RF emissions. External power supply on our panels – keeps electric & magnetic fields away from the body. Flicker-free light output – supports nervous system regulation & avoids sub-perceptual stress. Biomimetic wavelengths and irradiance – replicates natural red & near-infrared light from sunlight. Battery-powered wraps – eliminate wall current entirely for a low-EMF experience during use.   Safe & biologically aligned  Meanwhile, many "smart" therapeutic devices on the market prioritize app control and convenience over biological safety. These features often involve permanent Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connectivity, keeping RF radiation active near the body, even when the device is not in use. What’s marketed as “smart” is often out of sync with the body’s natural biology and may ultimately do more harm than good.  When it comes to manmade therapeutic EMFs, smart design means staying close to nature and using modern engineering to deliver powerful, biologically aligned therapies without introducing avoidable stressors.   At Fringe, that’s our commitment: Therapy that heals, not harms. Conclusion EMFs aren’t inherently friend or foe. They’re simply the products of nature and technology. Some are natural (like the rhythms of sunlight or the Earth’s magnetic field) while others  (like the constant digital noise from wireless networks and power grids) can disrupt biological balance. The question isn’t whether EMFs are good or bad, it’s whether they’re in harmony with the systems our bodies are built to understand. At Fringe, our devices are built to emit EMFs that heal, not harm. We design every product with intention to reduce invisible stress, align with nature, and deliver therapeutic energy in its most biologically compatible form. Our Red Light Therapy products are designed with smart, low-EMF engineering: no Bluetooth, no flicker, external power supplies, and biologically aligned wavelengths and intensity. We believe therapeutic EMFs should support healing without adding to the body’s invisible electrosmog burden, and we build every product with that principle in mind.

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May 15, 2025

Light & Vibration Therapy – An Aid for Incontinence?

Urinary incontinence is one of the most common pelvic health issues affecting women in the US, with a recent survey finding that more than 60% report having the condition, and more than 30% report having symptoms at least every month. Despite the widespread prevalence, it remains a topic that most are reluctant to talk about. Whether it’s the occasional leak while laughing or a more persistent urgency that disrupts daily life, incontinence can erode confidence, limit activity, and affect intimate relationships. Despite how common it is, many women are left to navigate urinary incontinence alone, unsure where to go for support or what options are    At Fringe, we believe that women deserve real, research-backed tools to care for their pelvic health from the comfort and privacy of their homes. The Fringe Pelvic Wand was designed with this in mind, and is a therapeutic device that combines red, near infrared, and blue light therapy with customizable vibration therapy to support pelvic tissue, muscle tone, circulation, and microbial balance. In this article, we’ll explore the science behind light and vibration therapy for urinary incontinence and describe how the Fringe Pelvic Wand can be a practical, empowering part of your daily pelvic health routine.   Understanding Urinary Incontinence Urinary incontinence isn’t a single condition but rather a symptom with many potential causes. The two most common types include: Stress Urinary Incontinence: Leakage caused by pressure on the bladder during movement, coughing, or laughing. This is often due to weakened pelvic floor muscles or connective tissue. Urge Urinary Incontinence: A sudden, intense urge to urinate, sometimes followed by involuntary leakage. This is typically related to nerve dysfunction or overactive bladder signals. Factors like pregnancy, childbirth, menopause, hysterectomy, obesity, and aging all increase the risk of developing urinary incontinence. Conventional treatments range from pelvic floor exercises to medications, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. But many women are seeking non-invasive, natural tools to improve symptoms, especially those that can be used at home. That’s where light and vibration therapy come in. How Light Therapy Supports Pelvic Health Light therapy, also known as photobiomodulation, involves applying specific wavelengths of light to tissue to stimulate healing, reduce inflammation, increase circulation, and modulate biological processes. The Fringe Pelvic Wand includes three therapeutic wavelengths: Red light (630 nm): Promotes collagen and elastin synthesis, reduces inflammation, supports tissue healing, through mechanisms including mitochondrial energy production and improving circulation Near-infrared light (830 nm): Has affects similar to red light but penetrates more deeply. Blue light (415 nm): Offers antimicrobial effects, especially for yeast and bacterial infections So how does this relate to urinary incontinence? Improving Tissue Strength & Elasticity Red and near-infrared light have been shown to increase the synthesis of collagen and elastin. These proteins are integral to maintaining the strength of the vaginal wall and pelvic floor connective tissues, areas that are often weakened in women, especially those with stress urinary incontinence. Increasing Blood Flow These wavelengths also increase nitric oxide production, causing vasodilation and enhanced blood flow. Better circulation results in improved oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues, supporting healing and muscle function, which are both critical for proper bladder functioning. Blood flow may also increase through the synthesis of new blood vessels, a process called angiogenesis. Modulating Nerves & Pain Pathways In some types of incontinence, nerve signaling may be disrupted and pain pathways activated. Red and near-infrared light may modulate nerve activity and reduce local inflammation, which may help to reduce overactive pain or urgency signals from the bladder and pelvic floor. Supporting the Microbiome An often-overlooked component of pelvic health is the vaginal microbiome. Dysbiosis, or microbial imbalance, can increase susceptibility to infections, inflammation, and irritation. Blue light has been shown to reduce pathogens like Candida, while red light may support beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus which is important for microbiome health. Disruptions in the microbiome are a risk factor for urinary tract infections, which are a risk factor for incontinence. The Role of Vibration Therapy Vibration therapy offers a second therapeutic modality, especially valuable for activating and strengthening pelvic floor muscles, increasing circulation, and even reducing pain. The Fringe Pelvic Wand provides four levels of mechanical vibration, from gentle (10 Hz) to strength-building (120 Hz). Research shows: Low-frequency vibration (10 or 50 Hz): Helps relax tight pelvic floor muscles, improve proprioception, and increase blood flow High-frequency vibration (90 or 120 Hz): Stimulates reflexive contractions via the pudendal nerve, strengthening pelvic floor muscles in women who struggle with voluntary control How may vibration therapy help with urinary incontinence? Improving Tissue Strength & Integrity Vibration therapy, especially low intensity vibration, may have many effects on cells associated with the structural integrity of the female pelvis, including collagen and muscle. Stronger pelvic floor muscles are associated with reduced urinary incontinence.   Increasing Blood Flow Vibration therapy may also increase blood flow, which may help to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the pelvis and improve functioning of the bladder and pelvic floor muscles. Modulating Pain Signals Pain signals from the pelvis/bladder may be modulated by vibration therapy, including neuropathic pain, low back pain, and muscle pain. Urinary incontinence is associated with pain in conditions including interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, vulvodynia, pelvic floor myofascial pain syndrome, and neurogenic bladder disorders like Multiple Sclerosis. Regulating Muscle Tone Balanced pelvic floor muscles with proper tone are essential for proper urinary continence. Vibration therapy may help both to decrease spasticity in muscles that are overactive, as well as improve voluntary muscle contraction, such as those of the pelvic floor, which are poorly controlled in between 30 and 50% of women. The Fringe Pelvic Wand: Dual Therapy for Urinary Incontinence The Fringe Pelvic Wand brings together red, near infrared, and blue light therapy with a range of customizable vibration modes from low to high in one comfortable, easy-to-use device. It was designed to meet a broad spectrum of pelvic health needs:  + Light Therapy Specs Wavelengths: 630 nm (red), 830 nm (near infrared), 415 nm (blue) Intensity: 20–40 mW/cm² (adjustable to 50%) Built-in Timer: 10-minute automatic shut-off Modes: Mode 1: Red + Near Infrared Light (deep tissue healing) Mode 2: Blue light only (antimicrobial support) Mode 3: Red only (gentle tissue support for heat/light-sensitive users) + Vibration Therapy Specs Low amplitude, rapid acceleration Built-in Timer: 10-minute automatic shut-off Modes: Mode 1: 10Hz Mode 2: 50Hz Mode 3: 90Hz Mode 4: 120Hz This level of control allows you to personalize therapy sessions to your unique needs, including calming inflammation, strengthening muscles, balancing microbes, or all of the above.       How to Use the Fringe Wand for Urinary Incontinence Here's a suggested routine to start with   Pelvic Light & Vibration Therapy Safety  Light and vibration therapies are well-established as safe, but here are a few precautions: Avoid use if you have known light sensitivity, or are on medications that increase sensitivity to light Don’t use on open wounds Only use water-based lubricants (oil-based can damage the silicone wand material) Check with your provider before use if you're pregnant   A New Era of At-Home Pelvic Health Urinary incontinence is a highly prevalent condition that impacts millions of women, yet effective, accessible, and non-invasive treatment options remain limited. The growing body of scientific research surrounding light therapy and vibration therapy offers compelling evidence that these modalities may play a valuable role in supporting pelvic tissue health, improving muscle tone, modulating nerve activity, and restoring microbial balance, all of which are relevant to the underlying causes of incontinence. The Fringe Pelvic Wand was designed with these mechanisms in mind. It provides a multi-modal therapeutic approach that is grounded in emerging science, integrating red, near infrared, and blue light with adjustable vibration frequencies to support the complex structures and functions of the female pelvic floor. Whether used on its own or as a complement to pelvic floor physical therapy, the Fringe Pelvic Wand offers a novel, at-home tool for women seeking to improve urinary continence, restore comfort, and support long-term pelvic health. As with any health intervention, individual responses may vary, and we encourage women to consult with their healthcare providers when integrating new therapies into their wellness routines.

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April 14, 2025

Fringe “Essentials” Supplements

At Fringe, we believe that foundational health starts with giving your body what it needs to function every single day. That's why we created our Essentials line: three core supplements that we think most people should take on most days. The fringe essentials Line These include: Vitamin D & K Mix – for bone, immune, and cardiovascular health. Magnesium Mix – to support over 800 enzymatic processes in the body. Electrolyte + Mineral Mix – to replenish the vital nutrients missing from modern water. Each was chosen not because they’re trendy, but because they fill real gaps created by how we live today — from sun avoidance to soil depletion to water purification.   Here’s Why These Three Have Earned Their Place in Our Essentials Line   1. The Vitamin D & K Combo: A Vital Synergy The Widespread Problem of Vitamin D DeficiencyDespite being called the "sunshine vitamin," most people today don’t get enough vitamin D — especially in North America, where long winters, sunscreen use, and indoor living are the norm. Over 90% of Americans don’t get enough vitamin D from their diets, making supplements essential to raise vitamin D levels when sun exposure is inadequate. Why does this matter? Vitamin D plays a crucial role in: Calcium absorption Bone mineralization and remodeling Immune function, including pathogen defense and inflammation control Mood regulation and brain health But supplementing with Vitamin D alone isn’t enough. How your body uses that calcium matters too.Vitamin K: Vitamin D’s Partner in Calcium TransportVitamin K (especially MK-7, the most bioavailable form of vitamin K2) acts like a traffic director for calcium, whose absorption from the intestines is regulated by vitamin D. It activates proteins that help shuttle calcium into bones and teeth (where it belongs), and away from soft tissues like arteries (where it absolutely does not belong).Without adequate vitamin K, high vitamin D and calcium levels could contribute to arterial calcification and cardiovascular issues. That’s why we combine Vitamin D3 and K2 (MK-7) in our Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix.In short: Vitamin D helps you absorb calcium. Vitamin K makes sure it goes to the right places. 2. Magnesium: The Mineral You're Probably Not Getting Enough Of Magnesium is involved as a cofactor or activator in more than 800 enzymatic reactions in the body — everything from energy production and muscle function to blood sugar regulation and stress modulation.Yet it’s one of the most commonly deficient nutrients, with over 50% of adults falling short of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Why Is Magnesium Deficiency So Common? Modern agriculture has depleted our soil of magnesium, so plants (and animals that eat them) contain less. Processed foods — which make up the bulk of the modern diet — are stripped of minerals. Stress, caffeine, alcohol, certain medications, and sugar all increase magnesium excretion. Most multivitamins either lack magnesium or contain forms with poor absorption. Even people trying to eat a whole-foods, nutrient-dense diet may struggle to get enough, especially if they have higher needs due to exercise, stress, or underlying conditions.What Magnesium Supports: Nervous system regulation and resilience to stress Muscle relaxation and prevention of cramps or twitching Heart rhythm stability Sleep quality and circadian rhythm regulation Blood sugar control Bone strength (working hand-in-hand with Vitamin D) Fringe Magnesium Mix is formulated with bioavailable forms (including glycinate, orotate, and malate), making it gentle on digestion and effective at raising magnesium in the body.In short: If you’re not actively supplementing with magnesium, there’s a good chance you’re not getting enough.   3. Electrolyte + Mineral Mix: What Water Is Missing Most people think of electrolytes only when they’re sweating — but these charged minerals are always working behind the scenes to keep your body in balance.     What Are Electrolytes? Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge. They’re critical for: Hydration Muscle contractions (including your heart) Nerve signaling pH balance Nutrient transport in and out of cells The key players include sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and chloride.The Hidden Problem: Modern Water Is Mineral-EmptyOur ancestors drank natural water from springs and rivers — water that picked up minerals as it flowed over rocks and through earth. This water was a meaningful source of nutrients, especially calcium and magnesium.Today, most of us drink filtered, distilled, or reverse-osmosis water. While necessary to remove contaminants like lead, arsenic, or chlorine, these processes also remove beneficial minerals.According to the World Health Organization (WHO), natural water can contribute 1% to 20% of daily intake for key minerals. Removing them leaves us not only with nutrient gaps, but with “hungry” water that can actually pull minerals from the body.Filtered water has been linked to: Increased mineral losses in urine, sweat, and feces Reduced hydration (water is less retained) Impaired electrolyte homeostasis Why Supplementing Electrolytes Daily Makes SenseFringe Electrolyte + Mineral Mix is formulated to: Re-mineralize filtered or RO water Restore hydration balance Support energy production and exercise recovery Replenish electrolytes lost via sweat, urination, or stress Help offset mineral-poor modern diets It's a simple, effective way to bring your drinking water closer to what nature intended.In short: Supplementing with electrolytes daily helps restore the essential minerals missing from modern, filtered water — supporting hydration; energy, nerve and muscle function; and overall mineral balance. Why We Chose These 3 as Our Essentials   You might be wondering: Why these three? Why not include more? Here’s what makes them “Essential”: They’re fundamental – They address chronic, widespread deficiencies They're backed by science -  There are decades of research supporting their safety and benefits They’re difficult to get from nature in our modern world – Because of depletion of soil, water, and our indoor lifestyles, the nature-based sources of these nutrients are hard to access. They’re interconnected – Magnesium and Vitamin D work together; electrolytes and magnesium support hydration and muscle function; and vitamin K2 ensures D3 doesn’t misplace calcium.   It’s true that some people would benefit from taking additional supplements. But these are the three that most people need most often. Our future plans include developing supplements for special populations, but we’re committed to always being transparent about who would (and would not) benefit from taking them. Our primary goal isn’t to sell products – it’s to educate, support, and empower people to enjoy optimal health as naturally as possible   What Makes Fringe “Essentials” Supplements Unique? There are a lot of supplements out there. So, what makes Fringe’s Essentials line stand out? Here’s what sets our Essentials apart: Better Forms of Nutrients – Backed by Science + Vegan Vitamin D3 Unlike most D3 supplements sourced from lanolin (derived from sheep’s wool), ours is 100% vegan, derived from sustainable lichen. + MK-7 Vitamin K2 We use the most bioavailable, long-acting form of Vitamin K2, shown to stay active in the body for up to 48 hours and effectively direct calcium into bones and away from arteries. + Water-Soluble DK Formula Most fat-soluble vitamins are difficult to absorb without food. Our DK is designed for optimal absorption even without fat in a meal, supporting consistency and convenience. + Three Forms of Magnesium Our Magnesium Mix contains a thoughtful blend of magnesium glycinate, malate, and orotate — three highly bioavailable forms that are gentle on digestion and support energy, calm, muscle, and cardiovascular health. + Electrolytes + Trace Minerals Our Electrolyte & Mineral Mix includes a broad spectrum of trace minerals, not just sodium and potassium. Supporting everything from thyroid health to enzymatic function and mimic the natural balance found in spring water.       Clean Formulations We skip all the unnecessary extras found in most supplements: No natural flavors No stevia or artificial sweeteners No sugar No gums or thickeners No unnecessary fillers No soy, dairy, or gluten Our belief is simple: If your body doesn’t need it, it doesn’t belong in your supplement.     Our Small Scoops Mission One of our core values is helping people feel better, without overwhelming them with capsules or giant scoops. That’s why we’ve committed to our Small Scoops Mission.We formulate our powders to be low in volume and high in impact, so they can easily be mixed into water, added to a smoothie, or even mixed into foods. No giant tubs or 4-pills-a-day protocols. Just what your body needs, in a form you’ll actually want to use.   Final Thoughts Health doesn't have to be complicated. Sometimes, it’s about giving your body the basic building blocks it needs with consistency.Fringe’s Essentials line isn’t about treating symptoms. It’s about supporting your body’s capacity to thrive by filling in modern-day nutrient gaps with the most foundational support we can offer.Because sometimes, feeling better starts with getting back to what’s essential.

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April 9, 2025

Vitamin D and Immune Health

What is vitamin D? Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a key role in many bodily processes, especially those related to bone strength and immune function. Unlike most vitamins, your body can actually make its own vitamin D — but only when your skin is exposed to direct sunlight. Specifically, ultraviolet B (UVB) rays trigger a reaction in the skin that produces a precursor to vitamin D, which is then converted by the liver and kidneys into its active form.   Beyond sunlight, vitamin D is found in a limited number of foods. Fatty fish like salmon, sardines, and mackerel are among the richest natural sources. Smaller amounts occur in egg yolks and beef liver, and many everyday products — such as milk, orange juice, and breakfast cereals — are fortified with added vitamin D. Because few foods naturally contain much vitamin D, and because modern lifestyles often limit sun exposure (due to indoor living, sunscreen use, and geographic location), vitamin D deficiency is surprisingly common, even in generally healthy individuals. For this reason, many people turn to supplements to maintain healthy levels year-round. There are two main forms of supplemental vitamin D: D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D2 is typically derived from plant sources like mushrooms exposed to UV light, while D3 usually comes from animal-based sources such as lanolin (from sheep’s wool) or fish oil. There is one vegan source of vitamin D3: lichen, which is an organism comprised of algae or cyanobacteria combined with fungi. Both D2 and D3 can raise vitamin D levels in the blood, but D3 is generally more effective and better absorbed by the body. Absorption also depends on dietary fat, since vitamin D is fat-soluble — meaning it’s best taken with a meal that includes some healthy fat to help your body use it efficiently. However, vitamin D can be made to be water soluble, which greatly increases its bioavailability.    How does vitamin D affect the immune system? Vitamin D plays a central role in helping the immune system function efficiently and stay balanced. Rather than simply “boosting” immune activity, it acts more like a modulator — supporting the body’s ability to defend against harmful invaders while also preventing the immune system from becoming overactive. This balancing act is crucial for staying healthy, as both underactive and overactive immune responses can lead to problems. Immune cells throughout the body — including in the skin, lungs, and gut — have receptors for vitamin D, meaning they can respond directly to its presence.     In the innate immune system — the body’s first line of defense — vitamin D enhances the ability to recognize and respond to threats quickly. It helps activate important immune cells which are responsible for detecting pathogens and signaling other immune responses. Vitamin D also promotes the production of antimicrobial molecules which act like natural antibiotics and can directly destroy bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These rapid-response mechanisms are essential for containing infections early, before they spread. In the adaptive immune system — which provides more targeted, long-term protection — vitamin D helps fine-tune how immune cells behave. It influences T cells which help keep the immune system in check and prevent excessive inflammation. It also affects B cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies, by reducing unnecessary activation and promoting immune tolerance. In this way, vitamin D supports a balanced immune response — strong enough to protect, but not so aggressive that it turns against the body’s own tissues.   Is there evidence that vitamin D promotes effective immune function? Yes, a growing body of research supports the role of vitamin D in promoting effective immune function in a wide range of immune-related outcomes, including:   Infections: Some studies have shown an association between low levels of vitamin D and increased susceptibility to colds, flu, and viral illnesses as well as reduced infections with vitamin D supplementation. For example, a randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation by frontline healthcare workers in Mexico found that participants receiving 4000IU/day of vitamin D had a lower rate of infection with SARS-CoV2 compared to those receiving a placebo. Similarly, another randomized controlled trial found that vitamin D supplementation by children aged 2 to 5 years with 2000IU/day reduced infection with influenza (but not enterovirus).      Autoimmune diseases: Because of its role in regulating immune function, vitamin D has garnered attention for its potential role in influencing autoimmune diseases. The VITAL study, a large-scale randomized trial, found that participants taking 2,000 IU of vitamin D daily (combined with omega-3 fatty acids) for five years experienced a 22% reduction in the incidence of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, compared to those receiving a placebo. Similarly, a comprehensive review highlighted that numerous studies have found correlations between low vitamin D levels and both the onset and progression of MS. Additionally, a scoping review focusing on MRI findings in MS patients reported that higher vitamin D levels were associated with fewer new active lesions and reduced lesion volume, suggesting a potential protective effect.   Cancer: Emerging research suggests that vitamin D may play a significant role in cancer prevention and management. A comprehensive umbrella review of 71 systematic reviews found that vitamin D₃ supplementation was associated with a 10% reduction in total cancer mortality (odds ratio , 0.9; 95% CI, 0.87-0.92; P < 0.01). Additionally, an analysis indicated that achieving higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations could potentially reduce cancer incidence rates by approximately 70%. These findings underscore the potential of vitamin D in reducing both the occurrence and mortality of various cancers.       Inflammatory responses: Vitamin D also appears to help regulate inflammation in the body, acting almost like a natural “dimmer switch” for the immune system. Several studies have found that vitamin D can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory molecules — the kinds that are often elevated in chronic diseases — while increasing anti-inflammatory compounds. This balancing effect may help explain why low vitamin D levels are often linked with higher levels of systemic inflammation. For example, a study found that people with lower vitamin D levels had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a common marker of inflammation in the blood. While more research is needed, these findings suggest vitamin D may support overall immune balance, not just in response to illness but also in maintaining a healthy baseline state. How much vitamin D is needed for optimal immune function? While it’s clear that vitamin D plays an important role in immune regulation, there is no universally agreed-upon amount that guarantees optimal immune function. Research continues to evolve, and current recommendations vary widely depending on the source. Most guidelines were designed with bone health in mind and may not reflect what’s truly needed for immune support or chronic disease prevention. Blood Levels (25-hydroxyvitamin D) Vitamin D status is measured by a blood test that checks for 25-hydroxyvitamin D , the circulating form of the vitamin. Deficiency is typically defined as anything below 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L), but for immune function, many researchers argue that this threshold is far too low. Levels of at least 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L)are often cited as a baseline, but some of the strongest evidence — including large trials like the VITAL study — suggests that 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L) may offer the most benefit for immune system balance and resilience. Raising blood levels into this optimal range can be surprisingly difficult with low doses. Many people — especially those with darker skin, higher body weight, or limited sun exposure — require higher intakes for levels of blood vitamin D to increase. Daily Intake (From Diet and Supplements) Although official government recommendations suggest 600–800 IU per day for adults, this level is primarily intended to prevent bone disease, not to support optimal immune function. A growing number of clinicians and researchers now advocate for daily intakes of 2,000–5,000 IU to achieve and maintain optimal blood levels for immune health — especially in people who live in northern latitudes, use sunscreen regularly, or spend most of their time indoors. In fact, research has shown that intakes up to 10,000 IU per day are safe for most people, with no evidence of toxicity at these levels in healthy individuals over extended periods. The commonly cited upper limit of 4,000 IU/day was set conservatively and has been challenged by multiple studies that demonstrate a much higher threshold for risk. Ultimately, because vitamin D needs vary based on genetics, lifestyle, and current levels, the most reliable approach is to test blood levels periodically and tailor supplementation accordingly. Why should vitamin D be taken with vitamin K? Many health professionals recommend pairing vitamin D3 with vitamin K2(typically in the MK-7 form) to ensure that calcium metabolism stays properly balanced — especially when supplementing with higher doses of vitamin D. Vitamin D and vitamin K work together to support not just immune health, but also calcium balance and cardiovascular safety. One of vitamin D’s primary roles is to help the body absorb calcium from the diet. But once calcium is in the bloodstream, vitamin K helps direct it to the right places — such as bones and teeth — and away from soft tissues like arteries, where excess calcium could contribute to plaque buildup. What makes Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix the best in the market? Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix, providing 2,500 IU of vitamin D3 per day, aligns well with the evidence-based perspective of doses that support optimal immune function. It also has three unique characteristics that make it a better choice than other Vitamin DK supplements on the market:  Water Solubility – Both vitamin D and K are fat-soluble vitamins, which makes their absorption of fat-soluble vitamins complex and results in a lower bioavailability than water-soluble vitamins (bioavailability refers to how much of the ingested nutrient is delivered to body tissues). The bioavailability of fat-soluble vitamins can be increased significantly through a safe and simple conversion process that makes them water-soluble and able to readily be absorbed through the walls of the small intestine. Research has demonstrated that water-soluble vitamin D is about twice as bioavailable as fat-soluble vitamin D.  Vegan D3 – Research has clearly demonstrated that vitamin D3 is superior to vitamin D2 at raising blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The vast majority of vitamin D3 supplements source the vitamin from sheep’s wool, which produces a waxy substance called lanolin. Because it is animal based, lanolin-derived vitamin D3 is not suitable for vegans. In contrast, Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix uses the only vegan source of vitamin D3, which is lichen. Lichens are living organisms that consist of fungus combined with algae or cyanobacteria. Lichen-derived vitamin D3 is identical to that produced from sheep’s wool, but is non-animal based, making it suitable for everyone.  Vitamin MK-7 - Fringe Essentials Vitamin D & K contains vitamin MK-7, the most bioavailable form of vitamin K. It is derived from the fermentation of Nattō, which is plant-based and suitable for vegan diets. Other ingredients The other ingredients in Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix are all natural and non-GMO. They include inulin and myo-inositol (also sometimes called vitamin B8) to help with dosing, medium chain triglyceride (MCT) oil to help with emulsification, and licorice extract for increased bioavailability. All our products are verified by independent third-party lab testing to ensure that they are free from molds, pesticides, mycotoxins, and heavy metals. We also leave out all the stuff you don’t want like artificial sweeteners, additives, gums, and ‘natural flavors’.   Conclusion Vitamin D plays a vital role in helping the immune system function effectively and stay in balance. While there’s still some debate about the exact levels needed for optimal immune function, a growing body of evidence suggests that many people benefit from higher blood levels and daily intakes than current guidelines recommend. Maintaining healthy vitamin D levels is one of the simplest and most impactful steps you can take to support long-term immune resilience, and Fringe Vitamin D & K Mix  is an ideal supplement to help you achieve this goal.

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April 1, 2025

Deconstructing Red Light Therapy Intensity: Why MORE Isn’t Always BETTER!

Red Light Therapy Intensity: Why Higher Power Isn’t Always Better for Results “High intensity, medical grade Red Light Therapy”. This is a statement that is often made about Red Light Therapy devices, implying that to see real therapeutic benefits, that a device must be really powerful. But is this actually true? What does the scientific evidence say about high intensity Red Light Therapy devices?  Let’s dig into the research. But first, we need to define what light “intensity” is. Light intensity (also known as power density) describes the amount of light being delivered by a device. Also sometimes called irradiance, it’s usually measured in units called mW/cm2. Intensity is related to power, which is the rate at which energy is delivered, measured in Watts (W). If we look at that energy per square cm of exposure site, we get W/cm2, or mW/cm2 – our intensity. So, intensity is the amount of energy from a device at any given moment, and if we consider that as a function of time of exposure, we get the energy density (measured in J/cm2), which is the total energy delivered over time. This combination of intensity with exposure time is also referred to as the “dose” of light delivered by the treatment.   Let’s dig into the assumption that higher powered devices are required to derive benefit by exploring five lines of evidence.   1. Where did the idea that high intensity Red Light Therapy is required for therapeutic benefit come from? This idea comes from the fact that for decades, virtually all research and applications of photobiomodulation were done with lasers, which are high intensity devices. Research into Red Light Therapy began in the 1960’s, and lasers dominated the field until around the early 2000’s, when LED’s (light emitting diodes) began to be studied. The scientific literature is comprised of around 85% studies using lasers as light sources, with the rest using LED’s. Companies making higher powered devices are often trying to get close to the power of lasers, citing laser research that shows benefits. However, hundreds of studies have now shown that LED Red Light Therapy yields many benefits, such as reducing pain and inflammation. And, LED’s have four important advantages over lasers: (1) they’re safer, (2) they’re cheaper, (3) they can be easily used at home, and (4) LED’s can cover a greater area of the body allowing more tissue to receive light. Given this, an important question for researchers in the field to address was whether the benefits of Red Light Therapy were specific to something about laser light, or whether those benefits could be replicated using LED’s. In 2018, an analysis that reviewed the comparative evidence of lasers versus LED’s concluded that “most of these comparisons provisionally suggest that lasers could indeed be replaced with LED’s without significant worsening of the results.” This is despite major differences in power outputs, which demonstrates that high intensity lasers are not required for therapeutic benefits. 2. Does the research on Red Light Therapy demonstrate that a certain intensity range is needed to observe therapeutic benefits? There is an excellent comprehensive database online of published photobiomodulation research studies that describes the details of thousands of Red Light Therapy studies. We can look at this database to compare the intensity (power) of studies relative to their results, and to see if there are clear trends, such as a requirement for high intensity/power to yield benefits. Most studies using LED’s have an intensity between 10 and 100mW/cm2 and are most commonly between 10 and 50mW/cm2. For lasers, the intensity is much higher, based on the different characteristics of the light produced. Positive results spanning a wide range of outcomes are observed, and there are no clear trends related to light intensity. Some studies use extremely low intensity LED lights, some use higher intensity LED lights, and some use high intensity lasers. Although studies of certain light intensities are sometimes used to support specific products, when you look at the totality of the research, the main conclusion that can be drawn is that exposure to red and/or near infrared light across a wide range of light characteristics, including intensity, yields biological benefits.   3. Can devices with different intensities be used to deliver the same “dose” of light? Theoretically, the time variable can be manipulated when using devices with different intensities to deliver the same “dose” of light. Mathematical calculations show that higher intensity devices used for shorter periods of time can deliver a comparable dose of light to lower intensity devices used for longer periods of time. However, some research has demonstrated that our bodies don’t seem to absorb photons the same way when they are delivered at a high intensity, suggesting that “dose” may not simply be a mathematical calculation of intensity and time. For example, a recent comprehensive review of studies of red light therapy for the brain found that “NIR light with low-power density (15–30 mW/cm2) is a more effective intervention than that with high-power density (40–90 mW/cm2)." 4. If low, moderate, and high intensity devices have been shown to deliver therapeutic benefits, are there reasons for preferring low or moderate intensity rather than high? Yes, there are reasons to prefer low to moderate intensity devices as compared to high. For example, high intensity light can increase oxidative stress, which is harmful to biological health. When wounds are treated with low/moderate intensity red light therapy, markers of oxidative stress initially increase and then decrease dramatically as healing progresses. However, when wounds are treated with high intensity red light therapy, oxidative stress remains high. Similarly, levels of antioxidant enzyme activity (which reduces oxidative stress) increase with low/moderate intensity red light therapy but not with high intensity light. This suggests that low/moderate intensity Red Light Therapy reduces oxidative stress, while high intensity Red Light Therapy may cause it to increase. High intensity light also carries a risk of heating tissues and causing thermal damage.    5. Are there biological reasons to expect that there could be an upper limit to Red Light Therapy intensity when it comes to therapeutic benefits? Yes! Researchers have carefully studied the biological effects of Red Light Therapy and have clearly concluded that “dose” matters. If the dose is too low, there is no benefit; similarly, if it is too high, there is also no benefit – and there is the potential for harm. This is called a biphasic dose response, also known as the Arndt Shulz law. Picture this as an inverted U curve. If the dose is too low or too high, there will be minimal response, but there is a relatively wide range of doses in the middle range that are beneficial. As described by Dr. Michael Hamblin, “It has been consistently found that when the dose of is increased a maximum response is reached at some value, and if the dose in increased beyond that maximal value, the response diminishes, disappears and it is even possible that negative or inhibitory effects are produced at very high fluences.” Because “dose” is a function of intensity and time, using high intensity devices for too long can easily yield a dose of light that will not be beneficial, and may even be harmful.  These five lines of evidence clearly illustrate that the assumption that high intensity devices are needed to achieve benefit is not accurate. It is the dose that creates the benefit – and dose is a function of intensity and time. While it may be appealing to use a higher intensity light to get the treatment done faster, this carries risks including thermal damage due to heating tissues, as well as a risk of causing oxidative stress.  The tendency when using a high intensity device – which would require a treatment time of only a few minutes (or even less) – is to overdo it. For at-home devices, low to moderate intensities leave more wiggle room in terms of both safety and benefits.  Fringe Red Light Therapy Intensity Fringe Red Light Therapy products were designed to deliver light at an intensity of 20-40mW/cm2, which is the approximate intensity of the sun. This has been described as the “sweet spot” between higher intensities, which can have harmful effects, and lower intensities, which will have no effect at all. Although there are no clear distinctions between low, moderate, and high intensity devices, the intensity of Fringe Red Light Therapy devices would most appropriately be termed as low/moderate and stands in contrast to many devices on the market, which are 100mW/cm2 or even higher. At this intensity, our products can safely be used for treatment periods between 10 and 30 minutes, and our products are programmed with built-in timers to deliver a safe and effective dose of light.  We verify the intensity of our products using third party testing, which is important because independent research has found that many commercial home-based Red Light Therapy products do not deliver light as advertised.  Take Home Points The idea that high intensity Red Light Therapy devices are needed for therapeutic benefits originated from decades of research using high intensity lasers; however, subsequent research has demonstrated that lower intensity LED powered devices can yield comparable results.   An analysis of the totality of published Red Light Therapy research (using both lasers and LED’s) shows that benefits can be seen when using devices that span a very wide range of intensity, from low to high. This is consistent with research that shows the effective “dose” of Red Light Therapy follows a U-shaped curve, with benefits spanning a wide range but which has a lower and upper limit. The “dose” of light is determined by its intensity and the treatment time, although research has shown that delivering light quickly using a high intensity device may not be as effective as delivering it more slowly using a lower intensity device, suggesting that the “dose” is not the only factor that determines benefits. High intensity light can increase oxidative stress and the risk of thermal damage, so care must be taken when using high powered devices to limit treatment times, which can be difficult to do when using at-home devices. The Verdict? Research evidence does not support the claim that high intensity Red Light Therapy devices are required for therapeutic benefits. Using low to moderate intensity devices yields results that are comparable to using high intensity devices, with some research even demonstrating greater efficacy. Low to moderate intensity devices also have the advantage of greater safety and can be safely used at home as part of a regular wellness regime. Choose a device that suits your needs and preferred treatment conditions, and which delivers both red and near infrared light at an appropriate intensity. Combine red light therapy with an anti-inflammatory diet and supplements, regular exercise, stress management, and good sleep hygiene for best results.

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March 12, 2025

Red Light Therapy & Traumatic Brain Injury

    What is Traumatic Brain Injury? Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) occurs when the brain is damaged by an external force, like an impact, blast, or rapid acceleration/deceleration. Common causes of TBI include falls, sports injuries, vehicle accidents, and physical assaults. Damage from TBI’s can lead to long-lasting and even permanent impairment of brain function. TBI’s are common injuries in the US, with approximately 1.5 million Americans experiencing a TBI annually.    TBI is considered an umbrella term that refers to any brain injury caused by an external source. TBI’s can be categorized by severity, ranging from mild to severe, and have unique characteristics: Mild TBI – Causes temporary confusion and headache. Moderate TBI – Causes prolonged confusion and cognitive impairment. Severe TBI – Causes significant cognitive deficits and long-term complications. TBI’s can also be categorized by timeframe, including both acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) effects. The acute phase last from hours to weeks, while the chronic phase lasts from weeks to years, depending on the severity of the TBI.    Two TBI-related terms that may be familiar to people are concussions and Chronic  Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). Concussions are a type of mild TBI, and although symptoms usually resolve within days to weeks, they can still have long-term effects, especially with multiple incidents. One potential long-term consequence of repeated concussions is CTE, a progressive neurodegenerative disease believed to be caused by repeated head injuries, including multiple mild TBIs.  Treatment for TBI varies greatly depending on the severity of the injury. In general, it involves stabilization, symptom management, and rehabilitation. The primary goal of treatment during the acute phase is to protect brain tissue and focuses on cognitive rest and addressing symptoms. In the chronic phase, the primary goal of treatment is to restore cognitive, motor, and emotional function.  Emerging treatments such as Red Light Therapy may be beneficial in supporting the brain during both the acute and Shop Red Light Therapy Head Wrap   How does TBI affect the Brain Before we consider how Red Light Therapy may be used to support brain health following TBI, let’s take a closer look at the three major pathological processes that occur in the brain during this type of injury.    Neuroinflammation: TBI causes neuroinflammation, which occurs in the hours to days following the injury. Neuroinflammation is inflammation of the brain, which can be helpful in the short term but is harmful when prolonged, leading to chronic neurodegeneration. Excess neuroinflammation is linked to brain fog, mood disorders, and an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as CTE. Oxidative stress: Following a TBI, the brain produces excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can overwhelm our antioxidant defenses and cause damage to cells in the brain, worsening brain injury.  Impaired brain energy metabolism: TBI impairs brain energy metabolism, particularly the ability of the brain to use glucose, which leads to a metabolic crisis where neurons are deprived of energy. After an initial phase of excessive glucose use, there is a decrease in glucose availability that can last from days to weeks, which makes neurons more vulnerable to damage and impairs healing. These three factors interact and include many overlapping molecules. For example, both neuroinflammation and impaired brain energy metabolism can lead to an increase in ROS production, further worsening oxidative stress. Similarly, impaired energy metabolism exacerbates neuroinflammation. This creates a self-perpetuating cycle of damage, which is why TBI recovery can be slow and why some people experience persistent symptoms for weeks, months, or even years following the injury. How does Red Light Therapy support brain function? Red Light Therapy is a promising tool for supporting the brain during TBI because it targets all three foundational brain pathologies, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired brain energy metabolism. Using both red and near infrared light (especially near infrared, which has deeper penetration), Red Light Therapy delivers wavelengths that interact with light sensitive molecules inside brain cells.      Here's how Red Light Therapy affects neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and brain energy metabolism:  Neuroinflammation: Red and near infrared light wavelengths have anti-inflammatory effects, and unlike anti-inflammatory medications (such as NSAID’s), do not cause side effects. Studies have found that light therapy affects levels of many molecules involved in inflammation, including ROS, reactive nitrogen species, and prostaglandins. Red and near infrared light therapy have specifically shown to reduce neuroinflammation.  Oxidative stress:  Light is absorbed in cells by molecules called chromophores, many of which are found inside the mitochondria. Mitochondria are involved in regulating the production the ROS that cause oxidative stress when present in high amounts. Light therapy has been shown to modulate oxidative stress and ROS production. Impaired brain energy metabolism: Through its impact on mitochondria, light also affects metabolism. In addition to regulating ROS production, mitochondria also make ATP, which is the energy currency of the cell, via a chain of molecules that includes cytochrome c oxidase. Cytochrome c oxidase is activated by both red and near infrared light, which increases ATP synthesis and provides more energy to brain cells. As well, there are additional effects of Red Light Therapy in the brain that may help to support healing from TBI. This includes increasing brain blood flow, supporting brain adaptability, and regulating neuron cell death. Collectively, there are many ways in which Red Light Therapy may be used therapeutically in TBI, and these have been explored in several clinical and pre-clinical studies of both acute and chronic TBI.   Is there evidence to support the use of Red Light Therapy in TBI? Yes! Red Light Therapy has been investigated in several studies of TBI using a range of different experimental approaches. These studies can be broken down by timeframe into both acute and chronic TBI, as well as by study type, including clinical (using humans as subjects) and pre-clinical (using animals as subjects).   Acute TBI The acute phase of TBI immediately follows the onset of injury. Unfortunately, this creates some challenge in coordinating and executing research studies, since it is difficult to recruit human subjects into a research study who have just experienced a head injury. As a result, most of the research in this TBI phase has been done using animals given a head injury in a controlled environment. In a 2023 systematic review of 17 animal studies that used Red Light Therapy immediately post-TBI, it was found that early light therapy intervention could improve neurological outcomes and reduce the size of trauma-associated brain lesions. Optimal results were associated with both red and near infrared light, initiation within 4 hours post-injury, and up to three daily treatments. One human study was included in the review of Red Light Therapy for acute TBI, which suggested safety and feasibility, but treatment efficacy could not be determined.     Chronic TBI Many more human studies have explored the use of Red Light Therapy in the chronic phase of TBI, which occurs weeks to months after the initial trauma. In a 2024 review of 16 human studies, overall improvements in neuropsychological outcomes and increased cerebral blood flow following transcranial PBM were observed. Here are some highlights of the clinical research findings:         How can I use Red Light Therapy in TBI? 2019 study of 12 military veterans with chronic TBI lasting more than 18 months – Following six weeks of application of both red and near infrared light to the head using LED lights, neuropsychological scores and brain blood flow were improved.  2020 case report of 23-year professional hockey player with a history of concussions, and symptoms of headaches, mild anxiety, and difficulty concentrating - Following 8 weeks of application of near infrared light to the head using LED lights, many positive findings were observed, including increased brain volume, improved brain connectivity, increased brain blood flow, and improved neuropsychological test scores. 2023 study of four retired professional football players with suspected CTE – Following application of near infrared light to the head using LED lights three times per week for six weeks, a wide range of improvements were noted, including improved sleep, reduced depression, decreased PTSD, and decreased pain. Analysis of brain function showed several improvements.    Collectively, research looking at the use of Red Light Therapy to support healing from TBI has yielded positive outcomes, both subjective (such as improved mood and decreased pain), and objective (such as increased brain volume and blood flow). There is stronger support for the use of Red Light Therapy in chronic TBI, but pre-clinical evidence supports the potential for benefit during the acute phase of injury.    TBI Recovery Managing TBI involves a combination of stabilization, symptom relief, and rehabilitation, each playing a crucial role in recovery. Red Light Therapy is a safe and effective tool that can support healing throughout all three stages. While it can be conveniently done at home using a Red Light Therapy device, professional supervision is recommended during the acute phase to ensure safe and effective application.   When exploring the range of available options, here are four things to consider: Light wavelength – The wavelength of light determines its color, with red light in the range of 620-700nm and near infrared light in the range of 700-1100nm. Although near infrared has been used most often to support healing from TBI, some studies have also found benefit from red light. Light with wavelengths between 600 and 1300nm have been found to penetrate maximally into the brain. So, look for products that provide both RL and NIRL in combination. Light intensity - Light intensity refers to the amount of light being delivered by a device, also referred to as power density. Studies of Red Light Therapy and TBI have used a range of intensities, from 10-100mW/cm2, and there is no clear indication that a particular intensity must be used. Devices across a range of intensities may provide benefit, and consumers aren’t limited to a specific intensity range. Type of device - Your personal level of comfort with a device is important. If it isn’t easy to use, and if it doesn’t feel good on your body, you probably won’t use it consistently. Many consumers find the most convenient devices to use are wireless, with a rechargeable battery. It is also important to use a device that can be adjusted to fit snugly on the head. Think about your personal preferences and choose a device that fits your criteria. Light Source - Light therapy is administered using either laser or LED lights. While early light therapy research was done using lasers, LED lights have become much more popular over the last decade. For at home use, look for a device that uses LED lights as safe and affordable option.   The next step after selecting a Red Light Therapy device is to determine the treatment protocol. During the acute phase of TBI, it is recommended to consult with your health care provider to get their professional guidance regarding the most appropriate protocol for your case. During the chronic phase of TBI, support from a health care professional is also recommended, but people may be more independent during this period. Based on available clinical research, 10-40 minute treatment sessions, 3 to 5 times a week, are recommended. Do not exceed more than one session every 24 hours.   Conclusion Red Light Therapy is a safe, affordable, and highly effective tool for supporting at-home recovery from TBI. By targeting the three core drivers of brain injury—oxidative stress, impaired metabolism, and neuroinflammation—it offers a scientifically backed approach to healing. Research suggests benefits across all stages of TBI, from the critical early hours to years post-injury. When choosing a device, look for red and near-infrared LED technology that aligns with your needs for comfort and convenience, empowering you to take an active role in your recovery.   Shop Red Light Therapy Head Wrap   For more information about Fringe light products, go to: https://fringeheals.com/shop-all-products/

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February 19, 2025

Sodium: Yeah or Nay?

Sodium: Yeah or Nay? Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral Mix contains 190mg of sodium. Of all our supplement ingredients, sodium is the one we get customer queries about most often. These questions generally fall into two camps. In the first, people ask us “is it safe for me to consume that much sodium in an electrolyte supplement 1-2 times per day?” And in the second, people ask us “why isn’t your sodium content higher, like it is in some of the other electrolyte supplements on the market?”              Our answer is pretty simple. We formulated the sodium content of our electrolytes with Goldilocks in mind: not too much, and not too little – but just right. Our level of sodium is safe for (almost) all kids and adults when taken as recommended. However, it’s absolutely true that as far as minerals go, sodium is the one whose optimal level of intake is most hotly contested in scientific circles. In this article, we’re going to give you a bit of insight into the sodium controversy, and how we came to determine the level that is “just right” for our customers.     Shop Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral Mix     Camp #1: "Whoa! Shouldn't I LIMIT my intake of sodium?" Here are some of the points that support this argument: + Supportive points: Several chronic diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and osteoporosis have been associated with high sodium intake. And while association does not necessarily equal causation, there is also some causal evidence that shows that high intakes of sodium can be harmful to health for some people. People who experience poor health in response to sodium are called “salt sensitive”. These people experience an increase in blood pressure with higher sodium intake. Several medical organizations (such as the World Health Organization) recommended a low intake of sodium, in the range of 1500-2300mg/day.          Camp #2 "Whoa! Shouldn't I be consuming MORE sodium?" Here are some of the points that support this argument: + Supportive points: The majority of people are not “salt sensitive”. Contrary to popular belief, some research suggests that consuming low sodium (less than 2500mg per day) may be associated with higher, rather than lower, blood pressure. In contrast to the recommendations that US adults should consume 1500-2300mg/day of sodium, research has shown intakes of sodium in this low range can be harmful to health, including increasing the risk of cardiac death, insulin resistance, and adversely affecting blood lipids. The average global intake of sodium per day is 3000-5000mg per day and has been remarkably stable across cultures for many decades, which suggests that this range of intake can be considered as “normal” (even though it is much higher than the medical recommendations). In studies showing harm, sodium intake may be a “red herring” for other more important dietary habits, such as consuming too much.     Camp #3: Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral sodium content is JUST RIGHT! Here’s why our sodium content is “just right”: + Supportive points: The PURE study found that sodium intake between 3,000–5,000 mg/day was associated with the lowest cardiovascular risk.  Some people, like folks consuming a whole food, paleo or keto diet, usually consume below 2500mg sodium/day, so they can use some additional sodium in their diet.  Additional sodium is also needed in many other conditions, like sweating, illness, and hot weather. However, supplements that contain 500-1000mg sodium per serving can quickly bump up daily sodium intake. Think of it like climbing three stairs at a time, rather than one. At just under 200mg sodium per serving, Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral Mix gives you more control over how much sodium you want to consume. Instead of lunging up those stairs, you can do a steady climb, simply by increasing the number of servings per day! All other ingredients in Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral Mix (including chloride, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and trace minerals) are also safe to consume in higher amounts. And if you’ve never seen our scoops – they’re small! Our “small scoop mission” focuses on using simple formulations with minimal ingredients (especially unnecessary fillers). So, it’s really easy to increase the number of servings used per day, based on your personal needs – without worrying that you’re consuming stuff you don’t want more of.   Is there anyone who needs to be concerned about their daily sodium intake? Yes! As mentioned, some people are salt sensitive, and their blood pressure increases with increased sodium consumption. Among salt sensitive people, some responses are minimal while others are quite dramatic. If you have hypertension, and especially if you know you are salt sensitive, you do want to be careful not to consume too much sodium. However, if you’re consuming a whole foods, paleo or keto diet, sodium containing supplements may still be needed to get you into a healthy range. Talk to your doctor about your individual needs.  Other populations that should limit their sodium intake include people with chronic kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, pregnant women with preeclampsia, and people at risk of stroke. If you have these or any other serious health condition, please consult with your doctor before taking sodium containing dietary supplements.   The Verdict? There is clearly controversy about how much sodium people should consume each day. Yet evidence is accumulating that intake less than 2300mg per day (as per official recommendations) may not be optimal for many people. This is suggested by the finding that only 9% of the population currently adheres to this guideline. However, excessive consumption of sodium is not recommended either, with research showing a U-shaped curve in which both very low, and very high, intakes of sodium are harmful, while the middle range of 3000 to 5000mg (or even higher) is ideal.     With this target in mind, people can be mindful of their dietary patterns and include supplemental sodium, usually in the form of fluid electrolytes, as needed. Supplements that provide sodium at levels of 1000mg per serving may be ideal for certain populations (like people eating keto or paleo diets, or those losing a lot of salt through sweating), but for average men, women and children, smaller doses of sodium may be more appropriate.  So, what’s the verdict? At 190mg sodium per serving, Fringe Electrolyte & Mineral Mix provides just the right amount of sodium for most people to consume one to two servings per day - and this can easily be increased for people with higher needs. An amazing tool for hydration, our mineral mix helps with fluid balance, and supports heart, muscle, nerve and blood vessel functions.  

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February 18, 2025

Magnesium & Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for millions of deaths annually. Heart disease is especially prevalent in the US, where one person dies from the condition every 33 seconds. While many factors contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental influences, one critical yet often overlooked nutrient is magnesium.  Shop Fringe Magnesium   Magnesium & heart heath Sometimes referred to as the “forgotten electrolyte”, magnesium is a mineral that plays a critical role in maintaining cardiovascular health. Despite its importance in human physiology, magnesium deficiency is widespread, driven by dietary habits and environmental factors. It’s also very difficult to diagnose, since levels of magnesium in blood serum tend to stay within a normal range even when levels in tissues are low. In this article, we’ll explore the relationship between magnesium and cardiovascular disease, delving into the evidence, mechanisms, and practical recommendations for supplementation.                                   What is magnesium? Magnesium is an essential mineral and electrolyte involved in over 800 enzymatic reactions in the human body. It plays a crucial role in energy production, DNA and RNA synthesis, protein synthesis, and the regulation of muscle and nerve function. Approximately 60% of the body’s magnesium is stored in bones, while the rest is distributed across muscles, soft tissues, and blood.   Magnesium deficiency and inadequate intake have become increasingly prevalent, particularly in developed countries, due to both dietary habits and agricultural practices. The modern Western diet, often high in processed foods and low in magnesium-rich items like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, frequently fails to meet recommended magnesium levels. This dietary pattern contributes to suboptimal magnesium status in the population.  Compounding this issue is the progressive depletion of magnesium in agricultural soils, a consequence of modern farming techniques such as monocropping and the extensive use of synthetic fertilizers that do not replenish essential minerals. This soil degradation leads to reduced magnesium content in crops, further diminishing dietary magnesium intake. For example, the magnesium content of vegetables has decreased by 80-90% over the last century. In epidemiological research, magnesium intakes below 200–250 mg/day are frequently associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease. These levels are significantly below the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of 400–420 mg/day for men and 310–320 mg/day for women, highlighting the importance of adequate magnesium intake for cardiovascular health. Moreover, it has been suggested that the RDA’S for magnesium are too low because they haven’t been adjusted for rising body weights. The new estimates recommend an additional intake for adults of between 60-235mg magnesium per day.                                     What is Cardiovascular Disease? Cardiovascular disease refers to a group of disorders affecting the heart and blood vessels. + These conditions include: Coronary artery disease: Narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries, often leading to angina or heart attacks. Stroke: A disruption of blood flow to the brain, caused by a blockage (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). Hypertension: Chronic high blood pressure, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Heart failure: The inability of the heart to pump blood effectively. Arrhythmias: Irregular heart rhythms that can lead to complications like stroke or cardiac arrest. Peripheral artery disease: Narrowing of blood vessels in the limbs, leading to pain and poor circulation.     What is the Evidence? Magnesium's Importance for Cardiovascular Disease: Numerous clinical trials and epidemiological studies have investigated the link between magnesium and cardiovascular health. Here is a list of positive cardiovascular related outcomes that have been observed in scientific research:    + Positive cardiovascular related outcomes: Blood Pressure Regulation: In clinical research, supplementation of 300–400 mg/day of magnesium significantly lowered systolic (2–4 mmHg) and diastolic (1–3 mmHg) blood pressure, particularly in individuals with hypertension. Improved Endothelial Function: In a study of patients with coronary artery disease, magnesium supplementation of 365mg/day for 6 months improved endothelial function and reduced cardiovascular risk.  Improved Lipid Profiles: Research suggests that magnesium supplementation may reduce LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol, which may lower atherosclerosis risk.  Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Epidemiological studies show that higher magnesium intake is associated with a lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. And in patients with established Type 2 diabetes, supplementation with 250mg magnesium/day for three months reduced insulin resistance and improved glycemic control.  Reduced Cardiovascular Mortality: Research has shown that people who consume higher amounts of dietary magnesium have a 34% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality than low magnesium consumers.    Reduced Risk of Stroke: In an analysis of studies looking at the relationship between magnesium intake and stroke, higher daily magnesium intake was linked to a reduced risk of stroke, especially in women.     Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiovascular Benefits of Magnesium Since magnesium is involved in so many of the body’s physiological processes, it’s not surprising that it plays a role in several outcomes related to cardiovascular health. Here’s an overview of some of its most impactful mechanisms: + Most impactful mechanisms: Vascular Smooth Muscle Relaxation: Magnesium may promote relaxation of the muscles that line blood vessels. It also may enhance the production of nitric oxide, which helps blood vessels to dilate and reduces blood pressure. Ion Channel Stabilization: Magnesium may stabilize cardiac ion channels, which might reduce the risk of arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Prevention of Vascular Calcification: Magnesium may inhibit mineral deposits in arterial walls, reducing the vascular calcification which occurs in atherosclerosis. Reduction of Oxidative Stress: Magnesium may reduce oxidative stress by lowering the production of reactive oxygen species and supporting mitochondrial function, which might improve blood vessel health.  Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Magnesium may reduce levels of molecules that promote inflammation, which might lower the risks of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and diabetes.  Glycemic Control and Insulin Sensitivity: Magnesium may enhance insulin signaling and glucose metabolism, which might reduce the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes, which are cardiovascular disease risk factors.   Evidence-Based Recommendations for Magnesium Supplementation Based on current scientific evidence, it can be concluded that magnesium supplementation may be a valuable strategy for supporting cardiovascular health. The level of supplementation used in clinical trials of magnesium for cardiovascular health is typically in the range of 200 to 400mg. Since epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease at levels of intake below 200 to 250mg per day, this level of supplementation would bring most people into the recommended daily intake range, leaving room for some extra based on higher body weight.    When supplementing with magnesium to support cardiovascular health, it’s important to consider the form of magnesium being used. Elemental magnesium (Mg²⁺) is highly reactive and does not exist in a free, stable form. Instead, it naturally binds to other molecules, forming compounds that allow it to be absorbed and utilized by the body. Each magnesium complex will have unique properties, including differences in bioavailability and side effects (like gastrointestinal upset).  Magnesium orotate, a compound consisting of magnesium and orotic acid (orotate), has gained attention for its potential cardiovascular benefits. The orotate component is thought to facilitate magnesium transport into cells, improving bioavailability and delivering additional benefits related to its metabolic and energy-enhancing properties. Research has shown that magnesium orotate may reduce hypertension and heart disease, lower the risk of heart attack, and help manage diabetes. It has also been shown to support gut and mental health, speed exercise recovery, and help with brain function in an animal model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Other forms of magnesium, including magnesium glycinate and magnesium malate, are also preferred due to their better absorption and fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to forms such as magnesium oxide, magnesium citrate, and magnesium hydroxide.   Fringe magnesium mix Fringe Magnesium Mix contains three forms of magnesium, including magnesium glycinate, magnesium malate, and the heart-friendly magnesium orotate. All three forms been shown to be better absorbed into the body, and they’re easily digested, so you don’t have to worry about the gastrointestinal issues associated with some forms of magnesium. The other ingredients in Fringe magnesium powder are all natural and include non-GMO chicory root inulin to help with dosing, organic monkfruit extract for a bit of natural sweetness, and 90mg of vitamin C for an antioxidant boost. Fringe Magnesium Mix is part of our “Essentials” line – meaning that it we recommend it for use by most people, on most days.        Dosage Recommendations for All Ages For adults, we recommend starting with 1 scoop of Fringe magnesium per day, and increase (up to 2 scoops) as needed. It mixes well with water but can be dissolved in any liquid (we love it in smoothies!). Kids can also take Fringe magnesium. Based on age, the recommended doses are: for children aged 1-3 years old, ¼ scoop per day; ages 4-8, ½ scoop per day; ages 9-13, ¾ scoop per day; ages 14+, 1 full scoop per day. Do not give magnesium to children under 1 year of age. Magnesium is safe to take when pregnant and breastfeeding. Of course, consult your doctor before beginning a supplement regimen.      Shop Fringe Magnesium      

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February 3, 2025

Incandescent vs LED Lights in Red Light Therapy

    Red Light Therapy has been investigated in thousands of research studies over the last 50 years. Until the early 2000’s, most studies used lasers as the light source, but more recently, LED lights have become popular due to their affordability, safety, and ease of at-home use. LED lights are now widely used in Red Light Therapy devices, including the devices we make at Fringe. Other light sources, such as incandescent lights, are also sometimes promoted for use in Red Light Therapy, but it’s important to recognize that incandescent lights are not equivalent to LED’s when it comes to reaping the well-recognized benefits of this powerful healing modality.   In this article, we’ll explore the characteristics of LED and incandescent lights, how the two light types can (and cannot) be used in Red Light Therapy, and what to look for in a Red Light Therapy device.  Comparison of LED and Incandescent Lights LED lights have many important characteristics that are superior to incandescent lights, including: Characteristics LED  Incandescent Energy Efficiency 80-90% more efficient than incandescent, as most energy is converted to light Very inefficient – 90 to 95% of energy is lost as heat, and only 5 to 10% is converted to light Lifespan 25,000 to 50,000 hours (10 to 25x longer than incandescent) 1,000 to 2,000 hours (needs frequent replacement Heat Output Minimal heat emission, stays cool to the touch High heat emission, can become too hot to touch Long-Term Cost Lower long-term cost due to energy savings and longer lifespan Higher long-term cost due to frequent replacements and high energy use Durability Shock-resistant, does not break easily Fragile, glass can break easily Environmental Impact Eco-friendly, no toxic materials, low energy consumption Higher energy use, shorter lifespan, increases waste There are also some areas where LED’s can be inferior to incandescent lights, including: Characteristics LED  Incandescent Flicker Potential Some LEDs flicker which can cause eye strain No flicker; provides continuous, steady light EMF Emission May emit higher EMF’s due to electronic drivers Minimal EMF emission, since it does not use electronic drivers Blue Light Exposure Can be quite high Low, more natural warm light   However, NONE of these characteristics are necessarily an issue with Red Light Therapy devices. Why we don’t NECESSARILY need to be concerned about these limitations (Flicker, EMF, Blue Light Exposure) with Red Light Therapy devices: Many Red Light Therapy devices do not flicker – a reputable company will demonstrate this using third party testing (we do!) EMF emission – it’s absolutely true that a LOT of Red Light Therapy devices emit way too many EMF’s, but they don’t have to. At Fringe, we’ve designed our panels so that the electronic driver is 3 feet away from the panel, so there is almost no EMF emission from the panel itself. Our wraps are battery powered; batteries create energy through chemical reactions, which generate negligeable EMF’s.  Blue Light Exposure – Red Light Therapy devices contain red and near infrared LED’s, which don’t emit blue light (of course, blue light LED’s are also an option…!) What about Blue Light Therapy using LED’s? Isn’t blue light from LED lights harmful? This is true but isn’t the whole story.  Blue light from devices like ipads, phones, etc. is found in a very narrow spectrum of wavelengths. This is “foreign” to our body, as it is different than the blue light that comes from the sun. In contrast, blue light used in Blue Light Therapy emits a wider spectrum of wavelengths that closely mimics the distribution of blue light in sunlight. This light spectrum has been found to be antimicrobial, which is why it is used for applications like acne.  No matter what, though, it’s still important to avoid getting blue light in the eyes. Is light from an incandescent light the same as from an LED? Incandescent lights produce light in a “full spectrum”, including red and near (and also far) infrared light. This is what makes the light from incandescents “warm” in terms of color, and also generates a lot of heat, making them hot to the touch. It’s also why these lights are used for things like heating terrariums. In order to make an incandescent light exclusively red, a red film or coating is placed on the glass that filters out other colors allowing only the red (and sometimes infrared) wavelengths to pass through. The filament inside still produces other colors, but they’re mostly blocked by the coating.  LED lights used in Red Light Therapy will produce light in the red (if using red diodes) or near infrared (if using near infrared diodes) spectrums. Many devices include both types of diode, and the type of light is produced by using a semiconductor material that naturally produces red or near infrared light. Red Light Therapy doesn’t use white LED lights like you would find in a house lamp.  Red and near infrared light are the same in terms of wavelength no matter what the source. The difference is that incandescent lights produce full spectrum light and then block the other light from being emitted, while LED lights (red or near infrared) emit ONLY the light in that color spectrum. If the red and near infrared light is the same, can incandescent lights be used instead of LED’s in Red Light Therapy? Incandescent lights CAN be used to activate the eye to brain pathway that is responsible for some of the benefits of Red Light Therapy. In this pathway, photoreceptors in the retina are activated and influence the function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain. This helps regulate the circadian cycle and also has an influence on mood and stress hormones. These lights are great for lighting up a room. Incandescent lights CANNOT be used as easily as LED’s to activate the light to tissue pathway that is responsible for the majority of benefits of Red Light Therapy. In this pathway, light enters through the skin (or other tissue) and activates photoreceptors in cells, such as cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria. To achieve this benefit, the skin/tissue has to be close (6 inches or less) away from the light source. Because incandescent lights get hot and are fragile, they aren’t a substitute for durable LED’s that don’t generate much heat. Incandescent bulbs also generate scattered light, which doesn’t allow for good skin/tissue penetration. There is limited research showing that under some circumstances, incandescent lights may activate this pathway, but their functional limitations do not make them a substitute for LED’s.  Most of the benefits of Red Light Therapy (reduced inflammation, faster tissue healing, reduced oxidative stress) comes from the light to tissue pathway. Incandescent lights do not work to activate this pathway effectively. It’s also important to note that almost none of the benefits of Red Light Therapy that have been observed in thousands of research studies over the last 50 years used incandescent light, with most studies using laser or LED light.  How do I know if my Red Light Therapy device is safe to use? Here are some things to look for: Use of red and near infrared light in evidence-based spectrums. Fringe Red Light Therapy devices use red light at 660nm and near infrared light at 850nm, which have been demonstrated in many research studies to be beneficial. No flicker Low to no EMF’s. Low irradiance (this is also called power or intensity. And yup, you want this low. A lot of companies are selling products that are quite high intensity, and this can potentially be harmful). Irradiance in the range of 20-40mW/cm2 mimics the sun, and has been shown in multiple research studies to be both safe and effective.  A good company will prove these by sharing analyses done by third party testing.  Why choose Fringe Red Light Therapy devices? We use evidence-backed wavelengths of red and near infrared light. Our devices are no flicker and generate low to no EMF’s.  We use a safe and effective sun-like intensity of light, at between 20 and 40mW/cm2. All of our products are tested by an independent third party lab, and we share this analysis with our consumers. Our products are created by a team of medical professionals who carefully review and use published scientific evidence to inform how we manufacture.   Take home message: Incandescent lights are a great option for lighting up a room, creating a warm and ambient red light that may have benefits related to activation of the eye to brain pathway which helps to regulate the circadian rhythm and mood. Incandescent lights cannot be used as a substitute for LED lights to activate the tissue to cell pathway that is responsible for benefits including reduced inflammation, decreased oxidative stress, and improved tissue healing.  Of the thousands of research studies on Red Light Therapy, only a small number used incandescent lights, so their clinical efficacy has not been clearly demonstrated. High-quality Red Light Therapy devices will use both red and near infrared LED lights and will be no flicker, generate low to no EMFS, and deliver light at a sun-like intensity that is both safe and effective for everyone, including kids and pets. 

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